Qualities   Defects
Head
Fine-featured, well proportioned, fairly wide, flat forehead, large muffle. The head is bigger, shorter and more massive in the male.
Short, horizontal horns, at the side in the bull, curved forwards from the forehead in the cow. 		Head
Fairly unrefined, long and tapering head.
Neck
Thick and horizontal in the cow; convex and rounded in the bull. 		 
Shoulder
Well muscled, in proportion to the surrounding areas. The muscle structure of the shoulder, leg, foreleg and the scapula-humeral angle are particularly well-developed in the bull. 		Shoulder
Protruding and detached shoulders, insufficient muscle structure.
Withers
Wide and musclular withers, in a straight line with the neck and with the back, at least in the cow.		 Withers
Narrow, insufficiently muscular withers, not properly attached to the back.
Back and lumbar region (kidneys)
Horizontal, wide and muscular, convex ridge in the middle of the back which can continue to the hindquarters (double kidneys).		 Back and lumbar region (kidneys)
Saddle-back, insufficient muscle structure, kidney not properly attached, protruding backbone.
Chest
Rounded ribs, thick muscle cover to the rear of the shoulder, especially in the male. Wide and muscular chest above all in the bull. Thin and pliable skin, fetlock not very developed. 		Chest
Flat, long rib, narrow chest, thick skin.
Flank
Short and full, the fold of the groin continues towards the front; resulting in a very thick «extra fold of skin» (corde). 		Flank
Long, hollow, sagging abdominal wall.
Croup (rump)
Wide with disappearing hips, long, inclined, highly developed muscle structure (double), especially in the male, the median hollow being occupied by the sacrum which in turn is prolonged by the tail, which is prominently set. 		Croup (rump)
Too short, narrow, insufficiently muscular and inclined rump, embedded tail set.
Buttocks and thighs
Rounded and convex with apparent intermuscular fissures; in profile: starting out at the ischial point, the thighs prolong the rump to the rear in a circular arc and overhang the hocks and its tendon; in the male, looked at front on from behind, the contour from the top of the croup and the bottom of the buttocks tends to have an arching line. 		Buttocks and thighs
Insufficient muscle structure, buttocks too short.
Tail
Development in relation with the bone structure, average length, falls perpendicularly. 		Tail
Tail too short, embedded tail set.
Bone structure and stands
Solid and fairly delicate bone structure, dry and flexible joints, healthy and tough hooves.		 Bone structure and stands
Unrefined bone structure, stiff joints which may have thickened and can even be swollen.

FORELEGS :
• In profile, forearm, knee and cannon form a straight column.:
• Front view, forearm and cannon form an open angle with the knee at the top.

REARLEGS :
• In profile, a lowered perpendicular line from the ischial point to the top of the hock.
• Seen from behind, hind legs in parallel with the centre of the body.

PASTERNS :
Continues up from the hooves, from the crown to the ankle; the pastern is naturally straighter in the hind leg.
 

FORELEGS :
• Forelegs too far forward, forelegs too far backward, arched knee.
• Forelegs turned-in feet (open knee), forelegs turned-out feet (knock-knee)

REARLEGS :
• Angle of the hocks too open (straight hocks), angle of the hocks too closed (bent hocks).
• Turned-in feet (open), turned-out feet (cow-hocked).

PASTERNS :
pasterns too short (insufficiently inclined), too long (excessively inclined pasterns).
Udder
Square, symmetrical, averagely well developed, well placed teats.		 Udder
Drooping udder, bottle-shaped udder (goat’s udder), tits set too closely together.
Testicles
Normal size.		 Testicles
Too small, swollen, absent (cryptorchidy).